If interpreted
narrowly, human factors is often considered synonymous with crew resource management
(CRM) or maintenance resource management (MRM). However, it is much broader in
both its knowledge base and scope. Human factors involves gathering information
about human abilities, limitations, and other characteristics and applying it
to tools, machines, systems, tasks, jobs, and environments to produce safe,
comfortable, and effective human use. In aviation, human factors is dedicated
to better understanding how humans can most safely and efficiently be
integrated with the technology. That understanding is then translated into
design, training, policies, or procedures to help humans perform better.
Despite rapid
gains in technology, humans are ultimately responsible for ensuring the success
and safety of the aviation industry. They must continue to be knowledgeable, flexible,
dedicated, and efficient while exercising good judgment. Meanwhile, the
industry continues to make major investments in training, equipment, and
systems that have long-term implications. Because technology continues to evolve
faster than the ability to predict how humans will interact with it, the
industry can no longer depend as much on experience
and intuition to
guide decisions related to human performance. Instead, a sound scientific basis
is necessary for assessing human performance implications in design, training,
and procedures, just as developing a new wing requires sound aerodynamic
engineering.
Boeing has
addressed this issue by employing human factors specialists, many of whom are
also pilots or mechanics, since the 1960s. Initially focused on flight deck
design, this group of about 30 experts now considers a much broader range of
elements (see graphic), such as cognitive psychology, human performance, physiology,
visual perception, ergonomics, and human-computer interface design. Applied
collectively, their knowledge contributes to the design of Boeing airplanes and
support products that help humans perform to the best of their capability while
compensating for their natural limitations.
Because improving human
performance can help the industry reduce the commercial aviation accident rate,
much of the focus is on designing human-airplane interfaces and developing procedures
for both flight crews and maintenance technicians. Boeing also continues to
examine human performance throughout the airplane to improve usability,
maintainability, reliability, and comfort.
In addition, human
factors specialists participate in analyzing operational safety and developing
methods and tools to help operators better manage human error. These
responsibilities require the specialists to work closely with engineers, safety
experts, test and training pilots, mechanics, and cabin crews to properly
integrate human factors into the design of all Boeing airplanes. Their areas of
responsibility include addressing human factors in:
1. Flight deck design.
2. Design for maintainability and in-service support.
3. Error management.
4. Passenger cabin design.
In order to help you understand better the influence of human factors in our daily activities, especially in aviation, our subject, we added some links where you're going to watch videos with human factors related issues. Moreover, click here, download the workbook and do the exercises on it. Also, download the resource guide and follow the instructions. Please, once again, do not take this subject for granted. It is extremely important!
- Part 1a of 12 – Airtime
- Part 1b of 12 – Analysis
- Part 2 of 12 – Fatigue
- Part 3 of 12 – Stress
- Part 4 of 12 – Alcohol & Substances
- Part 5 of 12 – Communication
- Part 6 of 12 – Teamwork
- Part 7 of 12 – Leadership
- Part 8 of 12 – Situational Awareness
- Part 9 of 12 – Decision Making
- Part 10 of 12 – Threat & Error Management
- Part 11 of 12 – Airmanship
- Part 12 of 12 – Safety Reporting
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